American Health Association came out with a food pyramid that represents what constitutes a balanced diet and list down all the essential nutrients and how much should be your daily intake of each food group to enjoy good health. Here are different nutrients and their functions:

Carbohydrates are the first important component of food pyramid which are major sources of energy for our body. Some good sources of carbohydrates are different cereals, potato and other root vegetables, banana etc.

Proteins are needed for healing and repairing our body as they help to build the tissues. Proteins also help in maintaining normal body processes and hormonal balance in our body. Rich sources of protein include pulses, meat, chicken, eggs etc

Fats are energy boosters and can be derived as plant or animal fat

Fibers though having negligible nutritional values are essential dietary components as they help in improving our metabolic processes by acting as a probiotic and bulking agent. Fiber also helps in controlling cholesterol levels which is essential for heart health.
Vitamins are essential for our growth and developed and helps in normal cell functioning.

There are two types of vitamins, fat soluble and water soluble

Last but not the least our body needs all essential minerals which are needed for building cell structure and the proper functioning of all our vital organs. Minerals are not synthesized by our body and hence have to be taken in form of food we eat or dietary supplements.

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